• Thread by @adamliaw: OK, it's Monday so here’s a thread about climate change, the lack of political action in response to it, why climate change deniers are irrelevant, and why Australia taking action on climate change is vital for our economic survival.
• Climate change and extreme events – quantifying the changing odds - ECOS: An important part of event attribution is posing the appropriate question. Natural variability and climate change come together to give us what we experience, thus “did climate change cause this event?” is the wrong question – climate change didn't start a fire or create a drought. What climate change may do is change the likelihood of the event or make the event more severe or last longer than would have been the case without climate change.
• NDIS funds 'repurposed' for drought relief under Scott Morrison's plan. The Coalition's long term plans to gut the NDIS continue behind a fairly literal smokescreen.
• Australian 12-monthly mean temperature anomalies since 1911. It's not a pretty picture.

• BBC nailing it again.

  I’ve had a number of messages saying that the media is ignoring arson as a major cause of the Australia bushfire crisis. Well, we looked at it today. Arson is not a major part of why these fires are so widespread and so severe. Here’s why. Produced @courtbembridge. pic.twitter.com/P16nCD1Bli

  — Ros Atkins (@BBCRosAtkins) January 8, 2020

• An 'absolutely seminal moment': climate change opinion shifting in face of fires: Veteran pollster John Utting believes the fires have been an “absolutely seminal moment. The conversation in the past has been kind of abstract, with [the case for stronger action] very much in in the hands of the virtue signallers; people felt they were being lectured. But now, everyone is breathing the proof. There is an incredible amount of evidence that the issue is beginning to bite … people are worried about a huge loss of lifestyle, and the impact on how they want to live and what they like about this country.” Huntley agrees, though she's not yet as certain as Utting that this season's fires are a complete game-changer. “People can respond to traumatic events in very different ways, and some can push back and say, %u2018I don't want you to play politics with this disaster',” she says.
• Liverpool's 30-year boycott of The Sun is one of the most successful of all time ~ The Overtake [beta]
• Scott Morrison can't afford to waste the bushfire crisis when Australia urgently needs its own green new deal | Malcolm Turnbull | Australia news | The Guardian: If ever there was a crisis not to waste, it is this one. Morrison has the chance now to reinstate the Neg with higher targets. Both he and Josh Frydenberg were among its strongest supporters when I was PM. They abandoned it in the lead-up to an election, to pacify the right wing of the Coalition that sabotaged it in the first place. The election is won, and the fires have surely demonstrated that an integrated climate and energy policy is vital if we are to be serious about cutting emissions.
• Farmers Are Buying 40-Year-Old Tractors Because They're Actually Repairable - VICE: The tractors manufactured in the late 1970s and 1980s look and run like modern tractors, but lack the computer components that drive up costs and make repair a nightmare. That's made them popular at auctions around the American midwest. A Nebraska area auctioneer sold off 27 older model John Deere tractors in 2019. The old work horse tractors are so popular that one with low mileage can sell for tens of thousands of dollars. A 1980 model with 2,147 hours of use sold for $43,500. A 1979 model sold for $61,000.
• A life of long weekends is alluring, but the shorter working day may be more practical - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)

• The Feminist History of %u2018Take Me Out to the Ball Game' | History | Smithsonian Magazine
• Can Macron douse Australia's fires? - POLITICO: Australia - a country that implemented wildly successful strict gun laws in response to a 1996 shooting massacre and has been held up as the poster-child for gun reform since - is as stuck on climate action as the U.S. is on gun laws. In America, not even the deaths of 20 elementary school children in the Sandy Hook shooting massacre could shift the debate. In Australia, the mounting fire death toll couldn't even get the prime minister to cancel his Hawaiian holiday, let alone increase climate change efforts.
• Mural mocking Scott Morrison for Hawaii holiday during bushfires painted over | Australia news | The Guardian
• The world is hooked on Australian coffee culture. This is how it got so good - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
• RFS firefighter who died when fire tornado flipped truck during Green Valley bushfire named as Samuel McPaul - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation): "The driver was a veteran captain of 35 years-plus experience. He thought he was in the right spot — as he was, from what I can understand — and just this freakish weather event that would have to be seen to be believed. Even then, other veteran firefighters don't believe what they saw, [it] engulfed that vehicle with flame, fire, and strong winds and literally picked up an 8-tonne truck and flipped it over." When people say 'unprecedented' this is what it means - the old rules no longer work, experienced crews run into conditions beyond anything they can predict.

• These two interviews from the 24th are just extraordinary. Fire fighters talking about how locals have had to use private vehicles and equipment, even talking about forming their own fire crews in future.

  Exhausted firefighters have accused @ScottMorrisonMP of a publicity stunt as he toured one of NSW's worst firefields yesterday. "We need some action" - Karl Weatherley - Ilford @NSWRFS volunteer. https://t.co/h0h9VhJYAI @MyleeHogan #auspol #NSWFires #7NEWS pic.twitter.com/0XAjsTzXj9

  — 7NEWS Sydney (@7NewsSydney) December 24, 2019

• Angry Cobargo residents explode at Scott Morrison as PM tours fire-ravaged towns. Morrison's inability to read people is astounding. His bullying is just gross.
• NSW Emergency Services Minister David Elliott admits his absence from NSW during bushfires was 'inexcusable' - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation): NSW Emergency Services Minister David Elliott, who went on a European holiday during the ongoing bushfire crisis, has labelled his absence "inexcusable". No shit.
• Australia bushfire coverage: ABC emergency fire broadcasts praised but News Corp goes on attack | Australia news | The Guardian: Despite the overwhelming praise for local radio in places such as Gippsland and the Illawarra, News Corp papers have continued to publish articles critical of the ABC, a decision which has been jarring for many who are relying on the national broadcaster in a time of crisis.
• Scott Morrison criticised for running 'absolutely obscene' political ads during bushfires - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)... when Piers fucking Morgan thinks something is beyond the pale, you've really fucked up.
• Are hazard reduction burns effective in managing bushfires? The answer is complicated - Fact Check - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)

Background if you care:

1. Cashout - Fugazi. Digging back into old punk stuff got me onto Fugazi and this classic protest song.
2. FIGJAM - Butterfingers. Saw Butterfingers live on the Breakfast At Fatboys tour. Hell of a lot of fun.
3. Wolf Totem - The Hu. Seems people either love or hate these guys. I think they're great and really only hamming it up as much as any other metal band. They just have a really big budget for film clips ;)
4. midas heel & drama free (feat. Lights) - deadmau5. Listened to these as a pair a lot when they came out as a single, basically feels like one track. Dug back into the deadmau5 back catalogue a lot this year.
5. Let It Go - Sietta. Interesting soul/electronic duo from Darwin, pity more people don't know them. Spotify popped them up as I have Caiti Baker's solo stuff. I get the feeling even they think the film clip is overwrought but the song's great.
6. Schism - Tool. Tool finally decided to join the streaming world, so I no longer had to pull out my ipod to listen to their back catalogue. Apparently I've gone from a die-hard iPod Classic user to a Spotify junkie. There are clearly two camps - the "I'm over Tool" and "fuck yeah new album and tour"... you can guess which one I'm in ;) It's probably their swansong and epitaph but it was fun to see Tool owning the charts and confusing da yoof.
7. DEUTSCHLAND - Rammstein. Speaking of well-executed more-of-the-same, Rammstein dropped this jaw-dropping clip seemingly out of nowhere. Part socio-political commentary and part trolling, making it typical Rammstein fare. Interesting statement on a nation's relationship with its history, or cynical attention seeking? You decide.
8. Closedown - The Cure. We got lucky and had nearly-front-row tickets to see The Cure play Disintegration at the Opera House. I nearly didn't include it in the list because, honestly, I was a bit overwhelmed. Also which song to include? My favourite song's on the album but that's a moment I won't attempt to share. In the end I chose this because Cooper's drumming was just superb on the night and this track really showed it off. It's not actually all about our beloved Bob ;)
9. Shudder/King Of Snake - Underworld. Back at the Opera House just a few nights later, almost in the same seats. An unexpected standout of Vivid Live, it deserved the rave reviews. I'd wanted to see Underworld live ever since I'd heard the Everything Everything version of Rez/Cowgirl on my car radio nearly 20 years ago. Despite that, I'd been preoccupied with The Cure and hadn't built up big expectations around this gig. But hooooooly shit. They ripped the roof off the place. The band were incredible and the crowd fed it back, demanding an encore so loud and long that turning the house lights on didn't move us. The band came out and did an encore, exclaiming... "we don't do this... YOU did this!" No recording can capture it.
10. Into The Abyss - Hilltop Hoods. New Hilltops = high rotation.
11. Hey Ladies (Paul Nice Remix) - Beastie Boys. Just a catchy remix.
12. Please - U2. I got a line from this stuck in my head for days before we saw The Joshua Tree. We didn't get it on the night but somehow this is the track that feels right for the mix tape. Also since this surprises someone every single time - yes I really do like U2.

Honourable mention goes to the Black Hole Recordings psytrance recordings, Psytrance 2018 vols 1 & 2:

They hit the spot and helped get a lot of code written, but several hours of bleepy psytrance doesn't really fit into a mix tape.

Labels: mix tape

• Australia ranked worst of 57 countries on climate change policy | Environment | The Guardian
• Sydney climate protest: Town Hall swamped with demonstrators as thousands demand action: Around 20,000 protesters marched from Town Hall to Hyde Park on Wednesday evening, packing out George Street to demand stronger climate action as bushfires continue to rage across the state. Sydney climate protest: thousands rally against inaction amid bushfire and air quality crisis | Environment | The Guardian
• Sydney Light Rail 'fail' as trams come to a halt just hours after official opening - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). 1.5 hours from Randwick to Circular Quay...
• Meet Ken Nightingall, the mysterious 'Pink Shorts Boom Guy' from Star Wars that cosplayers have plucked from obscurity - ABC News
• Australian bushfire anger explained - BBC News. Exceptionally clear and succinct.
• Scott Morrison says compensation for volunteer firefighters not a priority - Politics - ABC News. Well of course, why would h look ahead through this fire season to consider what happens when the RFS and its volunteers become too broke to continue fighting fires? Volunteer fire fighting was not set up to cover months of continuous fires.
• Finnish the Dishes: Simple Nordic Design Beats Dishwashers & Drying Racks - 99% Invisible
• Cricket Australia expects bushfire smoke to be an issue in Sydney Test | Sport | The Guardian: Strikers fast bowler Peter Siddle sent down two overs before play stopped in the abandoned BBL match. He was later treated for smoke inhalation.
• London's electric buses are getting fake noise, and it's positively psychedelic - The Verge

• Vertical farming, micro-algae and bio-reactors — the new frontier of sustainable food - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
• Experience: my face became a meme | Life and style | The Guardian
• Sydney Light Rail breakdown causes lunchtime chaos in CBD - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). Well you know what they say - begin as you intend to go along.
• Australian scientists may have discovered solution to our plastic recycling problem - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
• Federal Court rules robodebt 'unlawful' in significant court case - Hack - triple j: A massive class action lawsuit championed by Labor and with 4,000 plaintiffs has been filed separately against the legality of the robodebt system. Heads should fucking roll at Centrelink over this. They won't, but they should.
• Goth fashion styles, from health goth to cybergoth.... by.... Red Bull?!
• The Case for Motorist Helmets - Mikael Colville-Andersen - Medium: Helmets for motorists have been invented — in all seriousness- in order to save lives and reduce serious injury. Almost 50% of all serious head injuries happen in car crashes. Why are motorists not forced to wear them?
• Australia's civil rights rating downgraded as report finds world becoming less free | World news | The Guardian: the 2019 CIVICUS Monitor, a global research collaboration that tracks fundamental freedoms in 196 countries, has downgraded Australia from an “open” country to one where civil space has “narrowed”, citing new laws to expand government surveillance, prosecution of whistleblowers, and raids on media organisations.
• Lumping the arts portfolio in with infrastructure is retrograde and unimaginative | Esther Anatolitis | Culture | The Guardian: Arts and culture is a $111.7bn industry, according to the government's own figures. It employs more people than mining, IT or essential services. It is also among the fastest-growing. Policies that propel the arts propel the entire economy, with flow-on effects in education and health as well as infrastructure, and urban and regional development.
• Opinion | Why Authoritarians Attack the Arts - The New York Times: artists play a distinctive role in challenging authoritarianism. Art creates pathways for subversion, for political understanding and solidarity among coalition builders. Art teaches us that lives other than our own have value. Like the proverbial court jester who can openly mock the king in his own court, artists who occupy marginalized social positions can use their art to challenge structures of power in ways that would otherwise be dangerous or impossible.

• Worth it even just for the motorbike bit.

• State Department probe of Clinton emails finds no deliberate mishandling of classified information - The Washington Post: A multiyear State Department probe of emails that were sent to former secretary of state Hillary Clinton's private computer server concluded there was no systemic or deliberate mishandling of classified information by department employees, according to a report submitted to Congress this month.
• Russian eagles' global roaming sends scientists broke as tracking devices rack up the bills - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
• Co-ed versus single-sex schools: 'It's about more than academic outcomes' | Australia news | The Guardian
• Google sued by the ACCC over alleged misuse of personal data - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) Will be interesting to see if this gets anywhere. UX dark pattern as the base of an ACCC case.
• She climbed Everest nine times and set a world record – so why doesn't she have sponsors? | World news | The Guardian
• Police officer faces disciplinary action over crude 'EAD Hippy' sticker and Victoria Police denounces 'inappropriate' memes posted to social account by officer accused of making white power gesture - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation). Vic Police keeping it classy.
• Blade Runner was set in November, 2019. Here's what it and other movies got right and wrong about the 'future' - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
• Scott Morrison slams environmental groups 'targeting' businesses with 'selfish' secondary boycotts - Politics - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation): Mr Morrison lamented that Australian businesses, under pressure from environmental groups, are increasingly refusing to provide services like banking, insurance and consulting to coal mining companies. Because Morrison only believes in the free market when it's buying coal. Mr Morrison said whilst he accepted the Government cannot force one company to provide services to another, the Coalition was looking at ways to prevent such boycotts from spreading to other sectors that have a significant carbon footprint — including gas projects, abattoirs, airlines and the sugar cane industry. But of course that action won't include action on climate change, because he wants to sell coal.
• 4-Day Workweek Boosted Workers' Productivity By 40%, Microsoft Japan Says : NPR: Workers at Microsoft Japan enjoyed an enviable perk this summer: working four days a week, enjoying a three-day weekend — and getting their normal, five-day paycheck. The result, the company says, was a productivity boost of 40%.

• Australia has dodged global attention on fossil fuels because of assiduous diplomatic efforts | Richie Merzian and Fergus Green | Environment | The Guardian: countries that are subsidising and facilitating the expansion of coal, oil and gas production merit just as much critical scrutiny as those that are burning these fuels. Just as it would be wrong to tackle smoking by focusing only on smokers and ignoring the efforts of Big Tobacco, it is wrong to tackle the global fossil fuel addiction by ignoring the countries that deal heavily in the product. [...] if Australia achieves its planned fossil fuel expansion, the world cannot achieve the climate goals of the Paris agreement.
• Inmates built computers hidden in ceiling, connected them to prison network | Ars Technica
• It's hot in here: the evolution of Goth subculture in sub-tropical Brisbane: Here's a glimmer from the past: Brisbane in the 90s. Summer. The Goths drift through the heat haze; insults and disapproval hang in the air. But they only have eyes and ears for one another. The tribe is everything. On the days when those tight black pants were unbearable, with the sun bleaching the sky and the humidity closing in, the boys would discuss it, and the shorts would make a rare appearance. Still black, of course.
• Qantas and Virgin bosses reject Morrison government calls to be silent on social issues | Australia news | The Guardian: Qantas supported marriage equality not just because it was “the morally right thing to do” but because there was a “great business case for it”, he said, citing the fact employees wanted the company to stand up on the issue and Generation Y wanted to work for a company “with a social conscience”.
• We're fair-weather diehards and rugby league villains, but I'm still a Roosters fan | Scott Mitchell | Sport | The Guardian: Most see the Roosters as anathema to what the sport of rugby league is about. They see a hollow club representing the big end of town, with mercenaries for players and fair-weather fans. Fair Weather Diehards is a perfect description. For a few days around a winning grand final you see mint-condition supporter gear worn carefully over designer outfits, but otherwise you'd be forgiven for not knowing their stadium is next door. There are a few real diehards out there but far more of the fair weather variety.
• NRL Grand Final 2019: Six again referee call, Ben Cummins, Sydney Roosters vs Canberra Raiders; #Sixagain | Fox Sports. What a howler.
• Neat idea? Why serving whisky in a capsule is a novelty too far | Food | The Guardian. Essentially because it removes almost everything you actually enjoy about whisky.
• Payments giants abandon Facebook's Libra cryptocurrency - BBC News. Going to be hard for Libra to gain traction in western markets without Mastercard, Visa, eBay, Paypal and Stripe. There are still a lot of other markets though, some with rather less-powerful regulators.
• Spending More Time On Your Hobbies Can Boost Confidence At Work — If They Are Sufficiently Different From Your Job – Research Digest: The researchers found that when participants spent longer than normal doing their leisure activity, their belief in their ability to perform their job increased. But this was only the case when they had a serious hobby that was dissimilar to their job, or when their hobby was similar to their work but they only did it casually. When their hobby was both serious and similar to their job, then spending more time on it actually had a detrimental effect, decreasing their self-efficacy.

• The Art Of Warez from oliver payne on Vimeo.

• Feeling the vibe with a Frahm tachometer – Inside the Collection: Frahm tachometer ... cut to 13 minutes in to see one being demonstrated: Automotive Vibration Analyzers - Part 1 of 5 - YouTube
• Schools warned compulsory sports carnival participation can put children off exercise for life - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation): "I've met lots of sports teachers who feel, 'gosh, it builds resilience' and, 'you can't be good at everything' and they should have a go," Dr Street said. "But the thing is, if you're not very good at another subject, you don't have to compete against all of your peers in a public forum to demonstrate how bad you are at that subject. For some reason, in the sporting arena, we deem that appropriate."
• The Marree Man: an outback enigma - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
• Earworms: Why we get them and how to shake them off - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation): When it comes to exorcising an earworm, Dr Byron suggests several tactics and they all come down to how you use your mouth. "Interesting research has suggested that chewing gum is the best way to remove an earworm," he said.
• Why don't more dads take parental leave? The answer is in their heads - Politics - ABC News: we know from the major survey of around 1000 Australian businesspeople undertaken by Bain that men were about twice as likely as women to have their requests for flexible work refused. ... Male respondents reported they'd been told that flexible working was more of a woman's thing. Also that there was no way they'd be promoted if they worked part-time.
• Donald Trump is tweeting more and it's impacting the bond market
• Scotland's Islamic tartan is going viral, but why now? - The National The Islamic Tartan | Concept (didn't know this was a thing!)
• Levi Hawken: Man from %u2018Nek Minnit' video in new documentary (turns out he's a hill skater and artist. never knew that!)

• Boeing's 737 Max Software Outsourced to $9-an-Hour Engineers - Bloomberg: Multiple investigations – including a Justice Department criminal probe – are trying to unravel how and when critical decisions were made about the Max's software. During the crashes of Lion Air and Ethiopian Airlines planes that killed 346 people, investigators suspect, the MCAS system pushed the planes into uncontrollable dives because of bad data from a single sensor. That design violated basic principles of redundancy for generations of Boeing engineers, and the company apparently never tested to see how the software would respond.
• NBN Co floats its own 'Netflix tax' - Telco/ISP - iTnews. NBN Co quietly floating a fucking terrible idea, particularly as this inherently requires snooping on users' web traffic.
• Bitter coffee today? Try changing the colour of your cup: In one experiment, the white mug enhanced the rated “intensity” of the coffee flavour relative to the transparent mug – but given slight physical differences in the mugs used, a second experiment was conducted using identical glass mugs with coloured sleeves. Once again, the colour of the mug was shown to influence participants’ rating of the coffee. In particular, the coffee was rated as less sweet in the white mug as compared to the transparent and blue mugs.
• How Right-Hand Drive Japanese Imports Took Over Siberia
• Federal resources minister Matt Canavan backs Queensland bid to reject scientific reports that interfere with mines | Business Insider: Canavan said he believed science shouldn't be left to dictate mining approvals. [...] It's unclear on what grounds “Office of Science Quality Assurance” would reject a scientific study provided to the government. Former state LNP minister Andrew Cripps, who moved the motion, said it was necessary to fight restrictions which seek to limit farming and mining runoff into the Great Barrier Reef. Corrupt vandals upset that science doesn't also love coal and reef bleaching.
• Sydney Football Stadium without a builder as Lendlease loses project - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation): While Lendlease has successfully demolished the stadium, leaving a giant hole in the ground, the company looks unlikely to finish the project due to a dispute with the Government. Sydney Football Stadium rebuild in chaos as Lendlease leaves project: [Lendlease] said it was only ever contractually obligated to complete stage one but would not comment if it would put in a revised offer to carry out the rebuild. The Libs were so desperate to rush the demolition in before the election, they knocked the stadium down without having a contract to rebuild it. We all knew this project would be yet another disaster, but this might be a record for how quickly it got there.
• Entrepreneurs don't have a special gene for risk—they come from families with money — Quartz: While it seems that entrepreneurs tend to have an admirable penchant for risk, it’s usually that access to money which allows them to take risks. And this is a key advantage: When basic needs are met, it’s easier to be creative; when you know you have a safety net, you are more willing to take risks.
• Sydney Modern art gallery's future in doubt after Lendlease withdraws initial bid - ABC News: There's a culture in NSW of cost-overruns, Sydney Light Rail, Sydney Football Stadium, Powerhouse Museum [and now] we're concerned about Sydney Modern.

• AFP media raids: Federal Police boss Neil Gaughan on ABC and News Corp searches: he didn't explain why a serious matter of national security saw raids conducted two years after the ABC reports ran and more than a year after Smethurst's story was published. ... Mr Gaughan defended the actions of the seven officers who spent seven hours inside Smethurst’s home, rifling through her underwear drawer, bathroom cabinet and kitchen cupboards. ... He didn’t explain why then officers flicked through every page of her recipe books, as Smethurst detailed in The Australian today.
• I live-tweeted the AFP's every move as they raided the ABC's Sydney headquarters - Investigative journalism - ABC News: If you examine the two articles that prompted the AFP's raids this week, neither endangered anyone's life. They were simply embarrassing for the Government. As retired Supreme Court judge Anthony Whealy pointed out this week, there is a big difference between a national security matter and one that embarrasses a government.
• Facebook's cryptocurrency to debut next week backed by Visa, Mastercard, Uber, and others: WSJ - The Verge: Stability is a key concern, since Facebook is hoping to attract users in developing countries with an alternative to more volatile local currencies. Facebook setting out to usurp governments as the source of currency for the Next Billion.
• They welcomed a robot into their family, now they're mourning its death - The Verge: [adults understand] that companies have bottom lines and that gadgets come and go, but Jibo was also designed to appeal to children, and those kids are now learning what it means to own a robot and have no control over its fate.
• Sydney's iconic Sirius building sold to developers for $150 million - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation): Chairperson of the Save Our Sirius Foundation, Shaun Carter, said he was "not getting too excited" by the sale, which he described as "secret squirrel, done behind closed doors". Mr Carter questioned why the developer had paid a premium for the building, when others had only been willing to pay around $100 million to $120 million.
• Christopher Pyne and the revolving door of MPs turned lobbyists | Australia news | The Guardian: The former defence minister Christopher Pyne ignited fresh criticism this week when he took a job with consulting giant EY to help expand its defence business. Pyne's acceptance of the job has again put Australia's revolving door between politics and business into stark relief. Rules governing post-ministerial employment are weak and unenforced.
• Meet the Guy Who Bought a Monorail For $1,000
• Wet Plate Photography Makes Tattoos Disappear: Here's something you may not have known about the 1800s wet plate collodion photography process: it can make certain tattoos disappear in photos. ... [Photographer Michael Bradley] decided to focus his camera on the indigenous Māori people of New Zealand, whose traditional tā moko tattoos have been making a resurgence. ... Bradley realized that when photographs of traditional tā moko were captured back in the 1800s, the tattoos themselves barely showed up at all and where therefore lost to history.